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小麦品种百农AK58与周麦18的遗传差异性分析

DOI: 10.7668/hbnxb.2015.03.014, PP. 73-76

Keywords: 小麦,百农AK58,周麦18,遗传差异

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Abstract:

为解析百农AK58和周麦18的遗传差异,利用表型数据分布于小麦全基因组的305个SSR标记进行分析,以期为小麦大面积种植品种的培育提供参考。方差分析表明,百农AK58和周麦18在株高、千粒质量和单位面积穗数上存在极显著差异,其中百农AK58在株高和单位面积穗数上明显优于周麦18。分子标记比较发现,305对SSR引物中有130对引物在百农AK58与周麦18之间扩增出差异带,多态引物比例达到42.6%。2个品种在A、B、D基因组存在差异的引物数基本一致,分别有34,37,37个,多态引物比例表现为B基因组(43.9%)>A基因组(37.1%)>D基因组(33.5%)。百农AK58和周麦18的遗传差异在小麦7个部分同源群和21对染色体上也表现一定的不均衡性。在7个部分同源群之间,二者在第5部分同源群的遗传差异最大,多态引物比例达到49.3%,而在染色体水平上,它们在3B、5B、7B、4A的遗传差异相对较大,多态性引物比例均超过50%。百农AK58和周麦18所不同的SSR位点是遗传研究中需要重点关注的基因组区域。

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