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油菜光合碳氮代谢特征及其与氮效率的关系

DOI: 10.7668/hbnxb.2015.01.037, PP. 219-224

Keywords: 油菜,碳氮代谢,氮效率,游离氨基酸

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Abstract:

为阐明油菜碳氮代谢与氮效率的关系,及其对油菜品质的影响。采用土培试验,以低产甘蓝型油菜品种沪油15(品种A)与高产甘蓝型油菜品系742(品种B)为试验材料,在常氮与氮胁迫2种供氮情况下,研究了不同品种油菜不同供氮水平下光和参数,可溶性糖、游离氨基酸与硝酸盐含量差异,氮效率与收获指数以及与籽粒脂肪酸组成的变化及差异。结果表明,无论哪种供氮水平,品种B苗期光合参数大于品种A,盛花期规律相反,两品种的Pn、Gs、Ci与Tr皆在盛花期有所升高,而WUE有所降低。盛花期与角果发育期品种B茎、叶中可溶性糖含量高于品种A,油菜茎叶中可溶性糖含量从角果发育期呈减少趋势,角果发育期与收获期较抽薹期减少53%~80%,两品种5个时期茎叶皆表现为常氮时可溶性糖含量小于氮胁迫;品种B游离氨基酸除在2种供氮水平下盛花期叶、角果发育期地上部分与氮胁迫时抽薹期叶中大于品种A,其余时期呈现相反规律,到达角果发育期,两品种营养器官中游离氨基酸较生育前期大幅度减少;品种B5个时期硝酸盐含量、氮效率、收获指数、品质皆高于品种A。碳氮代谢与氮效率关系密切,油菜后期碳氮代谢大幅度减弱,碳氮代谢强的品种氮效率高,有利于氮素积累,籽粒品质较好,品种B碳氮代谢及其各项指标优于品种A,品种优势明显。

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