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水杨酸对缓解葡萄苗铝毒害的生理机制

DOI: 10.7668/hbnxb.2015.01.031, PP. 182-187

Keywords: 水杨酸,葡萄,铝胁迫,生理,机制

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Abstract:

为了探明水杨酸对缓解葡萄苗铝毒害的生理机制,解决葡萄在酸性土壤中发生铝毒害的问题。以水晶葡萄为材料,采用水培的方法,在培养液中加入0.4mmol/L氯化铝和不同浓度的水杨酸共培养5周,之后测定葡萄根系、茎干和叶片的生长状况、叶绿素含量、叶片和根系的活性氧清除系统及膜脂过氧化等指标,分析铝胁迫下水杨酸对葡萄苗生长及生理的影响。结果表明,铝胁迫下,葡萄植株生长受抑,嫩叶黄化,根系变黑;老叶叶绿素含量上升,嫩叶叶绿素含量下降;叶片和根系的SOD、POD活性和MDA含量上升,氧自由基产生速率也上升,而根系活力则下降。25,50μmol/L水杨酸处理明显促进了葡萄苗枝干的生长,根系颜色为微红色,但100μmol/L水杨酸处理却明显抑制了葡萄苗的生长,有少量根系变黑。水杨酸处理对葡萄苗缓解铝毒害的生理效应明显,25和50μmol/L水杨酸使老叶叶绿素和类胡萝卜素含量显著高于CK和单独铝胁迫,使嫩叶叶绿素a、叶绿素a+b和类胡萝卜素含量比单独铝处理显著升高,水杨酸处理使叶片的SOD、POD活性和根系的SOD活性低于单独铝处理,而根系POD活性显著高于单独铝处理,叶片和根系氧自由基产生速率和丙二醛含量比单独铝处理有所下降;此外,50μmol/L水杨酸处理还显著提高了铝胁迫下的根系活力。可见,铝胁迫对葡萄植株生长的抑制作用明显,表现出较大的毒害作用,而水杨酸处理对缓解葡萄铝毒害具有一定的效果,其中以50μmol/L水杨酸处理对缓解葡萄苗铝毒害的生理效应最明显。

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