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湖泊科学  2013 

菹草(PotamogetoncrispusL.)对酞酸酯污染沉积物的净化作用

DOI: 10.18307/2013.0214

Keywords: 菹草,酞酸酯,净化,根际沉积物

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Abstract:

酞酸酯是一类典型的内分泌干扰物,在我国城区河湖中污染超标相对严重,且污染呈上升趋势.本文采用根袋法,模拟海河干流水体建立了室内菹草微宇宙,同时设置无菹草微宇宙为对照,研究了沉水植物菹草对沉积物中酞酸二丁酯(DBP)和酞酸二异辛酯(DEHP)的去除作用.实验连续运行27d.结果表明:系统运行结束时,菹草体内DBP和DEHP含量分别升高了133%和68%;水中,有草组和对照组中DBP的浓度始终低于定量限(8μg/L),而DEHP的浓度则由初始的65μg/L和70μg/L逐渐降低,至第3d后低于定量限(8μg/L);对照组和有草组非根际沉积物中DBP浓度差异不显著,结束时去除率为32.2%~36.5%,根际沉积物中DBP去除率达50.0%;对照组和非根际沉积物中DEHP浓度差异也不显著,始终在一定范围内波动,结束时去除率为10.3%~11.4%,根际沉积物中DEHP则在第27d时迅速下降,去除率达80.9%.微生物的结果进一步表明,实验过程中根际土中微生物量明显高于对照组和非根际沉积物,实验后期根际沉积物中微生物群落结构变化较大,这与根际中这两种酞酸酯的去除数据相一致.可见,沉水植物菹草可以通过根际效应有效去除沉积物中酞酸酯类化合物.

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