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湖泊科学  2014 

洱海苦草(Vallisnerianatans)水深分布和叶片C、N、P化学计量学对不同水深的响应

DOI: 10.18307/2014.0413

Keywords: 苦草,分布,营养元素浓度,生态化学计量学,水深,洱海

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Abstract:

湖泊水深是影响沉水植物生长、繁殖与分布的重要环境因子,水深增加改变了水下光照、风浪和底泥特性等,因而可能导致沉水植物的生理生化指标发生相应变化.本研究通过对云南洱海沉水植物苦草(Vallisnerianatans)随水深分布的情况进行调查,并分析了定植于不同水深的苦草叶片碳(C)、氮(N)和磷(P)含量及其比率,以阐明水深变化对苦草叶片生态化学计量学的影响.结果表明洱海苦草定植的水深范围为0.5~5.6m,在1.5~2.4m处达到最大频度,在2.5~3.4m处达到最大相对生物量,这表明苦草在洱海中的最适生长深度在1.5~3.4m范围内;苦草叶片C、N和P含量平均值分别为356.10、26.13和3.54mg/g,C:N、C:P和N:P的平均值分别为14.38、113.46和7.85;苦草叶片C含量、C:N和C:P均随水深增加而降低,N和P含量则随水深增加而升高,N:P在0.5~1.4m较高,其余水深梯度之间则没有显著差异.总体上,苦草叶片C、N、P含量及其化学计量特征显著地受到了湖泊水深的影响.另外,本研究还发现水深的增加使得苦草叶片N、P含量发生聚敛,这导致其N、P之间的耦合性变弱.

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