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湖泊科学  2015 

柴达木盆地东部尕海短钻岩芯记录的过去近400a区域环境变化

DOI: 10.18307/2015.0423

Keywords: 尕海,碳酸盐,湿度,粉尘活动,柴达木盆地

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Abstract:

干旱区湖泊沉积可以有效记录区域湿度变化及粉尘活动历史,位于柴达木盆地德令哈南部的咸水封闭湖泊尕海具有恢复区域环境变化的潜力.该地区的长序列环境演变研究已开展了较多的工作,但缺乏短尺度、高分辨率的近代以来的环境变化湖泊记录.通过对尕海深水区短钻岩芯放射性核素210Pb和137Cs的年代测定和沉积物各指标分析,认为尕海沉积物碳酸盐含量可以反映区域湿度变化;而粗颗粒组分(>66.9μm)主要由风力搬运入湖,其含量可以指示区域粉尘活动历史.区域近400a的环境变化可划分为3个阶段:16331750AD:各指标出现大幅度波动,表现出该时期气候环境的不稳定和干湿交替,其中16501720AD的变化波动尤为显著,这与太阳活动进入Maunder极小期存在一定的联系.17501950AD:区域气候环境无明显波动,碳酸盐含量逐渐降低,湿度增加.19502010AD:各指标变动剧烈,区域虽降水增多,但由于蒸发加强,湿度降低;1974AD以后粗颗粒组分含量急剧上升,表现出高强度尘暴事件.

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