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湖泊科学  2009 

武汉典型湖泊沉积物中重金属累积特征及其环境风险

DOI: 10.18307/2009.0108

Keywords: 湖泊沉积物,重金属地累积指数,形态,主成分分析,武汉

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Abstract:

采集武汉市8个典型湖泊的表层沉积物,分析11种重金属的含量及其不同形态组成,研究了不同湖泊金属元素的富集与污染程度,探讨了沉积物中重金属的污染来源及其潜在生态风险.结果表明,沉积物中重金属Cd累积最严重,Zn和Hg也发生明显累积,龙阳湖污染较重,南太子湖和墨水湖污染中等,其它湖泊污染总体较轻.沉积物性质对重金属累积的影响不显著,城市工业活动强烈影响着重金属的分布.不同重金属的形态分布差异较大,Cd生物可利用态含量最高,其次为Mn、Zn、Co、Cu和Pb,而Sb和Hg以残留态占绝对优势,生态风险较小.相关分析和主成分分析表明,化石燃料燃烧、金属冶炼等是武汉市湖泊沉积物中重金属来源的主要贡献者,同时岩石风化等地球化学过程也影响着重金属的污染.

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