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湖泊科学  2011 

温度和食物密度对两种形态型裂足臂尾轮虫(Brachionusdiversi-cornis)生活史特征和后代形态型的影响

DOI: 10.18307/2011.0416

Keywords: 裂足臂尾轮虫,形态型,温度,食物密度,生活史特征

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Abstract:

运用单个体培养方法研究了温度(15℃、20℃、25℃和30℃)和斜生栅藻(Scenedesmusobliquus)密度(0.75×106、1.5×106、3.0×106和6.0×106cells/ml)对等棘刺型和不等棘刺型裂足臂尾轮虫(Brachionusdiversicornis)的净生殖率、种群内禀增长率、世代时间、生命期望和后代混交率等生活史参数和后代形态型的影响.结果表明:各温度下,两种形态型轮虫的存活率无显著差异;除20℃外,其余三个温度下,等棘刺型轮虫的繁殖率显著高于不等棘刺型;除30℃下等棘刺型轮虫的世代时间长于不等棘刺型轮虫外,各温度下两种形态型轮虫的各生活史参数均无显著差异.各食物密度下,两种形态型轮虫的存活率、繁殖率、各生活史参数也均无显著差异.两种形态型轮虫的种群内禀增长率、世代时间和生命期望对升高的温度反应不同,但食物密度仅对等棘刺型轮虫的净生殖率和内禀增长率有显著影响.等棘刺型轮虫的净生殖率在6.0×106cells/ml食物密度下显著低于0.75×106和3.0×106cells/ml食物密度下,1.5×106cells/ml食物密度下与上述三食物密度间均无显著差异;内禀增长率在6.0×106cells/ml食物密度下显著低于3.0×106cells/ml食物密度下,但两者均与0.75×106和1.5×106cells/ml食物密度下无显著差异.在各温度和食物密度下,两种形态型轮虫都能产生等棘刺型和不等棘刺型的后代.25℃下等棘刺型轮虫所产后代中等棘刺率明显高于不等棘刺型轮虫,但各食物密度下两种形态型轮虫所产后代中等棘刺率无显著的差异.温度对等棘刺型轮虫所产后代中等棘刺率有显著的影响,但食物密度对两种形态型轮虫所产后代中等棘刺率均无显著的影响.等棘刺型轮虫所产后代中等棘刺率在15℃和25℃、20℃和30℃间分别无显著差异,但前两者显著高于后两者。

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