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湖泊科学  2011 

长江输出溶解态无机磷的通量模型灵敏度分析及情景预测

DOI: 10.18307/2011.0202

Keywords: 溶解态无机磷,输出通量,模型,长江,人类活动,灵敏度分析

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Abstract:

研究河流向河口及沿海海域输送的物质通量是一项国际性前沿课题.基于人类活动影响流域营养盐输移的定量分析,应用GlobalNEWS模型模拟1970-2003年长江输出溶解态无机磷(DIP)的通景,对其不同来源的贡献率进行了分析,并基于千年生态系统评估对未来社会经济发展规划的情景,对2050年长江输出DIP的通量进行预测.结果表明,从1970-2003年,长江输出的DIP通量呈逐年增加的趋势,2003年达到了14.05kg/km2,比1970年(2.45kg/km2)增加了近5倍.模拟值与对应年份的实测值之间无显著性差异.平均模拟误差为12.29%.1993年之前,长江输出DIP的主要来源是污水,贡献率达到了50%以上;1993年以后,以来自非点源的磷输入为主,其中以磷肥施用的贡献率最高,且呈逐年增加的趋势,2003年增加到了50.30%;畜禽粪便磷的贡献率变化平稳,大约在22.87%.污水来源的磷的贡献率自1993年之后呈逐年递减的趋势,到2003年减少为24.81%.情景预测表明,2050年无论何种情景下,长江输出的DIP通量都将超过2000年的2倍多,但是不同情景下DIP输出通量增加的幅度及不同来源的贡献率有较大差别.在日益增强的人类活动影响下,如何控制非点源的磷输入仍将是一项长期而紧迫的任务。

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