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湖泊科学  2011 

长江中下游浅水湖泊沉积物腐殖质组分赋存特征

DOI: 10.18307/2011.0104

Keywords: 湖泊沉积物,有机质含量,PQ,腐殖质结合形态,长江中下游

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Abstract:

应用化学方法,对长江中下游浅水湖泊表层沉积物有机质含量、腐殖质组成及结合形态进行了研究.结果表明:①长江中下游浅水湖泊11个沉积物的有机质含量变化较大,在0.98%一11.O%之问波动.污染程度重的沉积物中有机质含量均较污染程度轻的高,其有机质的分布特征与沉积物污染程度和湖泊周边的人类活动有关.②腐殖质组成中,胡敏酸(HA)含量为1.03-6.73g/kg,富里酸(FA)含量介于2.73-9.77g/kg之间,胡敏素(HM)是主体,含量在5.89-55.57g/kg之间;HA/(FA+HA)比值(PQ)处于23.04%一50.56%之间,平均为32.72%.污染程度重的沉积物PQ值大于污染程度轻的沉积物,说明重污染湖泊沉积物腐殖化程度高.③腐殖质三种结合形态中紧结合态含量最高,在3.2l一47.76g/kg之间;其次为松结合态腐殖质,含量在0.86-6.92g/kg之间;稳结合态腐殖质最低,含量在0.72-3.89g/kg之间;松/紧比与沉积物有机质、总磷和总氮呈显著的负相关,表明污染越严重的湖泊沉积物,沉积物腐殖化程度高,腐殖质积累.因此应重视湖泊沉积物腐殖质组分在碳循环及富营养化中的作用。

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