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湖泊科学  2012 

粉煤灰污染影响萼花臂尾轮虫(Brachionuscalyciflorus)种复合体空间分布的原因

DOI: 10.18307/2012.0119

Keywords: 粉煤灰污染,萼花臂尾轮虫,种复合体,生殖,空间分布

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Abstract:

为探讨粉煤灰污染影响萼花臂尾轮虫(Brachionuscalyciflorus)种复合体在灰湖、汀棠湖和凤鸣湖分布的生态学机制,本文研究了曝气自来水(对照)、20%、40%、60%、80%和100%的澄清灰湖水对采自三湖泊中的轮虫姐妹种Ⅰ和汀棠湖中的轮虫姐妹种Ⅱ的种群增长率、混交雌体数/非混交雌体数、携卵雌体数/不携卵雌体数和休眠卵产量的影响.结果显示,无论实验用水中的澄清灰湖水含量如何,来自三湖泊的轮虫姐妹种Ⅰ均具有较高的种群增长率(0.52~0.85d-1)和休眠卵产量(1.60~12.11ind./(4d.5ml)),这为轮虫的扩散、种群的建立和种群间的基因交流提供了可能.汀棠湖轮虫姐妹种Ⅱ种群中的混交雌体数/非混交雌体数和休眠卵产量均极低,对照组中的混交雌体数/非混交雌体数和休眠卵产量均为0,这是存在于汀棠湖和凤鸣湖中的轮虫姐妹种Ⅱ无法通过扩散而出现在灰湖中的主要原因.澄清灰湖水的含量仅对汀棠湖中两轮虫姐妹种的种群增长率具有显著的影响.各浓度的澄清灰湖水使轮虫姐妹种Ⅰ的种群增长率显著高于对照组,60%、80%和100%的澄清灰湖水使轮虫姐妹种Ⅱ的种群增长率显著高于对照组,这表明粉煤灰污染导致已报道的相关水体中轮虫种群密度的下降并非由于其中所含的污染物(较高浓度的碱性氧化物、硫化物和金属元素等)和水体pH值的改变等对轮虫的直接毒性作用.

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