1 Hilseniioff W L, The bioiogy of chitwiowim plamos in Lake Winnebago,Wisconsin. Ann Batomol Soc Am, 1966,58:465~473
[2]
3 Morgan M J. The metamorphosis and ecology of some species of tanypodinae. Butomol Mag, 1949, 85; 119~126
[3]
5 Ping Chi. Observation on Johamcn. Canad, 1917:418~426
[4]
7 问锦曾,陈庆恩.水稻大红摇蚊的初岁观察.昆虫知识,1960,6(5):133~134
[5]
11 颜京松,叶沧江.白洋淀的摇蚊幼虫及二新种记述.昆虫学报,1977,20(2):183~198
[6]
12 Sasa Manabu. Taxonomical and biological notes on Tokunagaf uxurtka akamusi (Tokunaga) with description of immature stages (Diptera,Chlronomidae). Jap J Sanil Zool,1978,29(2):93~101
[7]
14 ChebanovB V V. Features of active chironomid drift. Gidrobiol Zn, 1984,20(6):14~20
[8]
17 Oliver D R. Life history of the chironomidac. Ann Enlomal,1971,10:211~230
[9]
19 Titmum G. Distribution and feeding of larval chironomidac in gravel-pit lake. Freshw Biol,1981,11(3):263~272
[10]
2 Ladle M. Studies on Chironomidac in cxpcrunental recirculating stream system:2. the growth, development and production of aspring generation of OWAodnrf a Freshw Biol,1985,15(2):24 3~256
[11]
4 Murry D R. Chironoidae——ecology, systematics, cytology and physiology. Pergamon Press, 1979