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湖泊科学  2007 

底泥疏浚效果及环境效应研究进展

DOI: 10.18307/2007.0101

Keywords: 底泥疏浚,效果,环境效应,污染物,底柄生物

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Abstract:

底泥疏浚的效果至今仍存在很大争议,其中之一是疏浚后所产生的环境效果有可能偏离人们的期望,疏浚能够有效的削减沉积物中营养物、重金属和持久性有机物等污染物含量,但疏浚过程中会引起污染物向水体释放,疏浚后的界面过程有可能对疏浚效果产生较大影响,底泥疏浚对水体富营养化的控制有成功的经验也有失败的教训,不同的湖泊疏浚后对营养盐释放的控制效果不同.底泥疏浚往往对底栖生物产生危害,具体表现为种类、丰富度与生物量的减少,群落结构发生变化,多样性降低;疏浚后微生物胞外酶活性降低,底泥疏浚对沉积物代谢功能存在显著影响,底栖生物和酶活性的恢复需要长期的过程.底泥疏浚对湖泊水污染控制具有时效性,疏浚方式、疏浚深度与疏浚时令是疏浚工程应关注的问题.

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