数字PCR技术的发展和应用

数字PCR(digital PCR,dPCR)技术作为一种全新的核酸检测方法,通过把反应体系均分到大量反应单元中独立地进行PCR,并根据泊松分布和阳性比例来计算核酸数量。目前dPCR主要分为微滴式和芯片式两种。与传统PCR技术相比,dPCR具有高灵敏度、高精确度、高耐受性和绝对定量的优点。因此,dPCR技术在近年来得到了迅速的发展,广泛地应用于稀有突变检测、拷贝数变异分析和复杂样本基因表达检测等方面。
As a new detection technology for the quantification of nucleic acid,the digital PCR (dDCR) divides reaction mixes into a large number of units, carries out PCR independently in each units, and then calculates the number of nucleic acidsaccording to Poisson distribution and positive ratio. At present, dPCR can be divided into two major kinds: droplet dPCR and chip dPCR.dPCR has the advantages of higher sensitivity, higherprecision, highertolerance and absolute quantification when compared with the traditional PCR technology. Therefore, dPCR technology has been rapidly developing in recent years, and widely applied to the detection of rare mutations, copy number variation analysis and gene expression detection in complicated samples.