重庆地区原发性高血压患者生命质量及影响因素调查

目的 评价重庆地区高血压患者的生命质量,探讨与其生命质量相关的主要影响因素,为高血压患者管理提供科学依据。方法 采用多级抽样方法,运用中文版SF-36量表对586例原发性高血压患者进行问卷调查,采用t检验、单因素方差分析、多元逐步线性回归分析对11种因素进行分析,寻找主要影响因素。结果 该患者群体社会功能维度得分均值最高(89.5),总体健康维度得分均值最低(44.2)。除了社会功能维度(SF),重庆地区高血压患者其余各维度得分均低于中国普通人群。不同维度的主要影响因素不同。生命质量总分的主要影响因素有:病程(β=-25.296,P=0.044)、家庭人均月收入(β=-21.090,P=0.044)、年龄(β=-27.984,P=0.036)、婚姻状况(β=33.238,P=0.016)、性别(β=-31.647,P=0.014)、吃胆固醇含量较多的食物(β=31.189,P=0.030)。结论 关注婚姻状况不和谐、老龄、低收入高血压患者,积极控制血压,指导患者进行合理膳食,对提高生命质量具有重要意义。
Objective To explore the quality of life (QOL) in patients with primary hypertension and its influence factors in Chongqing, so as to provide scientific evidence for disease control and prevention. Methods By using multistage sampling, QOL scores of 586 patients with hypertension were investigated by Chinese version SF-36 scale, and 11 influencing factors were analyzed by t-test, one-way ANOVA and stepwise regression analysis in order to find out the major ones. Results The mean score of social functioning dimension of this patient group was the highest (89.5), mean score of general health dimension was the lowest (44.2). Except social functioning (SF), the other dimension scores of the hypertensive patients in Chongqing, China were lower than those of Chinese general population. Different dimension has different main factors. The main factors influencing QOL were duration of disease (β=-25.296,P=0.044), per capita monthly income of family (β=-21.090,P=0.044), age (β=-27.984,P=0.036), marital status (β=33.238,P=0.016), gender (β=-31.647,P=0.014), and eating food with more cholesterol (β=31.189,P=0.030). Conclusions It was suggested that we should pay more attention to the marital disharmony, the elder and the low-income patients with hypertension. It may be beneficial to control blood pressure actively and direct a rational diet for QOL.