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材料工程  2011 

热成形金属复合材料的微观结构及力学行为研究

, PP. 88-92

Keywords: 热成形(热冲压),金属复合材料,防撞梁,微观结构,冲击力,吸能

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Abstract:

对汽车车门防撞梁热成形(成形与淬火同时进行)过程进行了研究,发现由于成形过程中钢材表面发生氧化脱碳,得到的防撞梁零部件表面软而内部硬,材料性质在厚度方向上呈连续梯度分布,即表面硬度、强度低而内部的硬度、强度高,这样形成了新型连续梯度分布的多层金属复合材料。对汽车车门防撞梁这种新型金属复合材料的微观结构、硬度、强度及塑性变化规律进行研究,并进行三点弯曲对比实验。在此基础上研究这种新型金属复合材料的碰撞及吸能性能,根据金相分析及三点弯曲实验建立了防撞梁的有限元分析模型。通过对比金属复合材料与内部各相材料冲击时所受到的冲击力、吸能等性能,发现这种新型金属复合材料综合了各单相材料的优秀性能,适合用于承受冲击吸能构件的选材。

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