临床实习对护理本科生专业认同的影响

【】　目的　分析临床实习对护理本科生专业认同的影响，探讨提高专业认同的措施。　方法　2010年6―10月，对某综合性大学60名2007级普通全日制护理本科生进行抽样调查，评价其实习前1个月和实习后3个月的专业认同情况，比较实习前、后的变化并分析影响因素。　结果　实习后专业认同的专业价值观得分（3.13±0.85）分高于实习前（2.78±1.00）分，实验专业期望得分（12.09±2.13）分低于实习前（13.13±1.30）分，差异有统计学意义（P=0.045，0.002）；而专业认识、情感、意志、技能和专业认同总分方面，实习前、后差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；其影响因素由强到弱依次为带教老师（37.04%）、实际的护理工作（33.33%）、实习科室（22.22%）、他人态度（7.41%）。　结论　临床实习可提高护理本科生的专业价值观，带教老师及实际护理工作对专业认同影响较大。【Abstract】　Objective　Toanalyzetheeffectofclinicalpracticeonstudentnurses’professionalidentityandexploremeasurestodeveloptheirprofessionalidentity.　Methods　Conveniencesamplingwasusedtoselect60generalfull-timestudentnurseswhoenteredacomprehensiveuniversityin2007.Thenweassessedtheirprofessionalidentityatthetimeofonemonthbefore,andthreemonthsafterclinicalpractice,comparedthetworesults,andanalyzedtherelatedfactors.　Results　Thescoreofprofessionalvaluedimensionafterclinicalpracticewashigherthanbefore(3.13±0.85vs.2.78±1.00,P=0.045),whiletheprofessionalexpectationdimensionwaslowerthanbefore(12.09±2.13vs.13.13±1.30,P=0.002),andthedifferencesinabove-mentionedindexeswerestatisticallysignificant.Therewasnostatisticaldifferencebeforeandafterclinicalpracticeinprofessionalknowledge,professionalaffection,professionalvolition,professionalskilldimensions,andtotalscoreofprofessionalidentity(P>0.05).Therelatedfactorsinaorderfromstrongtoweakwereclinicalteacher(37.04%),practicework(33.33%),trainingdepartment(22.22%),andothers’attitudes(7.41%).　Conclusion　Clinicalpracticemayimproveprofessionalvaluesbutimpairprofessionalexpectationsofthestudentnurses,andclinicalteacherandpracticeworkhaveagreateffectonstudentnurses’professionalidentity.