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华西医学  2015 

人参皂苷Rg3对小鼠大肠癌细胞的抗肿瘤活性研究

DOI: 10.7507/1002-0179.20150122, PP. 411-416

Keywords: 人参皂苷Rg3,大肠癌,肿瘤坏死,小鼠

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Abstract:

目的 从体外实验到体内实验2个层面观察人参皂苷Rg3对大肠癌细胞的抗肿瘤效果。方法 体外培养小鼠大肠癌细胞(CT26细胞),采用四甲基偶氮唑蓝比色法分析人参皂苷Rg3对CT26细胞生长的影响。皮下接种建立BALB/c小鼠大肠癌模型。待肿瘤可扪及(直径约3mm)时,将荷瘤鼠随机分为生理盐水组及人参皂苷Rg3浓度5、10、20mg/kg组。每周3次测量小鼠肿瘤长、宽及小鼠体质量,绘制肿瘤体积增长曲线和体质量变化曲线;记录小鼠生存时间,绘制生存曲线。观测小鼠精神状况、饮食以及药物毒副作用等情况。另取20只荷瘤鼠随机分为4组(分组及处理同上),给药第10天处死小鼠,取肿瘤组织行苏木精-伊红(HE)染色观察肿瘤组织坏死情况并测定肿瘤坏死率。结果 人参皂苷Rg3对肿瘤细胞的生长抑制作用随着浓度的升高而逐渐升高,48h的细胞生长抑制率<24h的生长抑制率。随着人参皂苷Rg3的浓度升高,小鼠体质量下降越慢;小鼠精神状况、活动、饮食状况等生活质量指标在人参皂苷Rg3组均有明显改善;在整个治疗过程中并未发现人参皂苷Rg3对实验小鼠存在明显毒副作用。对实验小鼠肿瘤组织进行HE染色发现,在人参皂苷Rg3浓度10、20mg/kg组,肿瘤组织内可见多个小片状坏死,而生理盐水组肿瘤组织无明显组织坏死。生理盐水组、Rg3浓度10mg/kg组、Rg3浓度20mg/kg组的肿瘤坏死率分别为20%、60%、80%。结论 单药人参皂苷Rg3对BALB/c小鼠大肠癌具有很好的抗肿瘤效果,随着剂量的提高,抗肿瘤效果越明显,是一种剂量依赖型的抗肿瘤药物。

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