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华西医学  2015 

恶性肿瘤放射增敏机制及药物研究进展

DOI: 10.7507/1002-0179.20150453, PP. 1581-1586

Keywords: 恶性肿瘤,放射治疗,放射增敏剂,靶向药物,乏氧

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Abstract:

放射治疗是恶性肿瘤治疗的有效方式之一,几乎超过50%的恶性肿瘤患者在抗癌过程中接受过放射治疗。但是高能量的放射线在杀死肿瘤细胞的同时,不可避免会损伤肿瘤周围正常组织。所以控制肿瘤放射剂量,使肿瘤放射“局部化”,是肿瘤科医生共同的追求。放射增敏剂的使用助于获得相对低量高效的放射剂量,有效增加肿瘤局部控制率,降低放射对肿瘤周围正常组织的伤害。但是目前临床上使用的放射增敏剂,大多数存在药物自身细胞毒性大、选择性低、价格昂贵等特点,限制了临床广泛使用。所以寻找安全经济且可区分肿瘤组织和正常组织的“智能型”放射增敏物质十分迫切且必要。这篇综述主要对肿瘤放射增敏机制及相关药物研究进展进行了总结分析,并介绍一些新兴的放射增敏措施,为临床上放射增敏剂的使用和进一步研发提供方向。

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