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华西医学  2011 

腰硬联合麻醉下复合丙泊酚镇静的临床研究

, PP. 413-416

Keywords: 麻醉,硬膜外,丙泊酚,镇静

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Abstract:

【】 目的 探讨腰硬联合麻醉复合丙泊酚恒速输注清醒镇静的可行性、理想的药物剂量、术中知晓情况以及麻醉质量和效果。 方法 收集2009年3-12月480例美国麻醉医师协会(ASA)Ⅰ~Ⅲ级拟在腰硬联合麻醉下行下腹部、会阴部、下肢手术的患者480例,随机分为咪达唑仑组(M组)、丙泊酚Ⅰ组(PA组)、丙泊酚Ⅱ组(PB组)、丙泊酚Ⅲ组(PC组),每组各120例。四组患者均于腰2-3或腰3-4行腰硬联合麻醉,蛛网膜下腔注入轻比重0.2%布比卡因12~15mg,麻醉平面确切后,M组予以咪达唑仑0.04~0.06mg/kg,PA组先予以负荷量丙泊酚0.50mg/kg再以2.00mg/(kg?h)剂量持续泵注,PB组予以负荷量丙泊酚0.75mg/kg再以3.00mg/(kg?h)剂量持续泵注,PC组予以负荷量丙泊酚1.00mg/kg再以3.75mg/(kg?h)剂量持续泵注。观察患者给药前(T0)、给药1(T1)、3(T2)、5(T3)、10(T4)、30(T5)、60min(T6)各时点血流动力学平均动脉血压(MAP)、心率(HR)的变化、脑电双频指数(BIS)值及镇静评分、术中所看到的图片的回忆及不良反应。 结果 各组在给予镇静药后MAP、HR均有所下降,但测量值的变化在正常范围内;在T3时间点,各组BIS值及镇静/警醒OAA/S评分降低,与T0比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与其他3组比较,在T4、T5、T6时点PC组BIS值与OAA/S评分降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),PC组的镇静遗忘满意率高于其他3组;各组间未见发生严重的舌后坠、呼吸暂停和血氧饱和度(SpO2)<90%。 结论 在下腹部、下肢手术中,应用腰硬联合麻醉复合1.00mg/kg负荷量的丙泊酚继而以3.75mg/(kg?h)剂量持续泵注,可取得良好的镇静效果,不良反应小。【Abstract】 Objective Toinvestigatethefeasibility,idealdose,intra-operativeawarenessaswellasthequalityandeffectivenessofconstantinfusionofpropofolundercombinedspinal-epiduralanesthesia(CSEA)forconscioussedation. Methods Atotalof480patientsatASAgradeⅠ-Ⅲtobeoperatedinthelowerabdomen,perineumandlowerlimbsunderCSEAfromMarchtoDecember2009wererandomlydividedintofourgroupsmidazolamgroup(Mgroup),propofolgroupⅠ(PAgroup),propofolgroupⅡ(PBgroup),andpropofolgroupⅢ(PCgroup),with120patientsineachgroup.AllfourgroupsofpatientsunderwentCSEAatL2-3orL3-4andacceptedpinalinjectionof12-15mgof0.2%hypobaricbupivacaine.Aftertheanestheticplanewasconfirmed,patientsinMgroupaccepted0.04-0.06mg/kgofmidazolam;patientsinPAgroupacceptedpropofolataloadingdoseof0.50mg/kgfollowedbycontinuousinfusionatadoseof2.00mg/(kg?h);patientsinPBgroupacceptedpropofolataloadingdoseof0.75mg/kgfollowedbycontinuousinfusionatadoseof3.00mg/(kg?h);patientsinPCgroupacceptedpropofolataloadingdoseof1.00mg/kgfollowedbycontinuousinfusionatadoseof3.75mg/(kg?h).Thechangeofhemodynamicsincludingthemeanarterialpressure(MAP)andtheheartrate(HR),bispectralindex(BIS)values,sedationscores,memoryofpicturesseenduringoperationandadverseeffectsbeforedrugadministration(T0),atminute1(T1),3(T2),5(T3),10(T4),30(T5)and60(T6)afterdrugadministrationwereobserved. Results MAPandHRdecreasedinallthefourgroupsafteradministrationofsedatives,butthechangesofmeasuredvalueswerewithinnormalranges.BISvalueandtheObserver’sAssessmentofAlertnessandSedation(OAA/S)scaledecreasedinallgroupsatT3,comparedwiththoseatT0(P<0.05).Comparedwiththeother3groups,BISvalueandOAA/SscaleweresignificantlylowerinPCgroupatT4,T5andT6(P<0.05),andthesatisfactionrateofsedationandamnesiawasmuchhigher.Noseriousglossocoma,apneaandSpO2below90%wasobservedinallthefourgroups. Conclusion Duringthesurgeryoflowerabd

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