Frank S A.The behaviour and morphology of the fig wasps Pegoscapus assuetus and P. jimenezi:descriptions and suggested behavioral characters for phylogenetic studies[J].Psyche,1984,91:289～308
[2]
Galil J,Neeman G.Pollen transfer and pollination in the common fig(Ficus carica L.)[J].J Evol Biol,1977,79:163～171
Galil J.Dulberger R,Rosen D.The effects of Sycophaga sycomori L.on the structure and development of the syconia of Ficus sycomorus L.[J].New Phytol,1970,69:103～111
[6]
Michaloud G.Figuiers tropicaux et pollinisation.Film,Realisation[A]Devez A R.Production Service dug Film de Recherche Scientifique[M].Paris,1982
[7]
Hawkins B A,Compton S G.African fig wasp communities-undersaturation and latitudinal gradients in species richness[J].J Anim Ecol,1992,61:361～372
[8]
Grafen A,Godfray H C J.Vicarious selection explains some paradoxes in dioecious fig-pollinator systems[C].Proc R Soc Lond Ser B,1991,245:73～76
[9]
Kjellbery F.Gouyon P H,Ibrahim M.The stability of the symbiosis between dioecious figs and their pollinators:a study of Ficus corica L.and Blastophaga psenes L.[J].Evolution,1987,41:693～704
West S A,Herre E A,Windsor D M.The ecology and evolution of the New World non-pollinating fig wasp communities[J].Journal of Biogeography,1996,23:447～458
[23]
Jousselin E,Rasplus J Y,Kjellberg F.Shift to mutualism in parasitic of the fig/fig wasp interaction[J].OIKOS,2001,94:287～294
[24]
Rasplus J Y,Kerdelhue C,Le Clainche I.Molecular phylogeny of fig wasps(Hymenoptera).Agaonidae are not monophyletic[J].C R Acad Sci III,1998,321:517～527
[25]
Galil J,Eisikowitch D.Further studies on the pollination ecology of Ficus sycomorus L.(Hymenoptera,Chalcidoidea,Agaonidae)[J].Tijdschr.Entomol,1969,112:1～13
[26]
Compton S G,Holton K C,Rashbrook V K,et al.Studies of Ceratosolen galili,a non-pollination ecology of Ficus sycomorusII.Pocket filling and emptying in Ceratosolen arabicus Mayr[J].New Phytol,1991,23:188～194
[27]
Herre E A.Laws governing species interactions?Encouragement and caution from figs and their associates[A].In:Keller L.Levels of Selection[M].Princeton Univ Press,1999:209～235
[28]
van Noort S,Compton S G.Convergent evolution of agaonine and sycoecine(Agaonidae,Chalcidoidea)head shape in response to the constraints of host fig morphology[J].J Biogeogr,1996,23:415～424
[29]
Compton S G.Rasplus J Y,Ware A B.African fig wasp parasitoid communities[A].Hawkins B,Sheehan W.Parasitoid Community Ecology[M].Oxford:Oxford University Press,1994:323～348
[30]
Compton S G.Rasplus J Y,Ware A B.African fig wasp parasitoid communities[A].Hawkins B,Sheehan W.Parasitoid Community Ecology,[M].Oxford:Oxford University Press,1998:343～368
[31]
Bronstein J L.The non-polinating wasp fauna of Ficus pertusa:exploitation of a mutualism[J].Oikos,1991,61:175～186
[32]
Kerdelhu？ C,Rasplus J Y.Non-pollinating a frotropical fig wasps affect the fig-pollinator mutualism in Ficus within the subgenus Sycomorus[J].Oikos,1996,75:3～14
[33]
James M C,Rasplus J Y.Mutualists with attuitude:coevolving fig wasps and figs[J].trends in Ecology and Evolution,2003,18(5):241～248
[34]
Herre E A,West S A.Conflict of interest in a mutualism documenting the elusive fig wasp seed trade-off[J].Proc R Soc Lond Ser B,1997,264:1 501～1 507
[35]
Michaloud G,Carrie\'RE s,Kobbi M.Exceptions to the one:one relationship between African fig trees and their fig wasp pollinators:possible evolutionary scenarios[J].J Biogeog,1996,23:513～520
[36]
Rasplus J Y.In the one-to-one species-specificity of the Ficus-Agaoninae mutralism:How Casual?[A].In:van der Maesen,van der Burgt,Mednbach de Rooy.The Biodiversity of African Plants[M].Kluwer Academic Publishers,1996:639～649
[37]
Herre E A,Machado C A,Bermingham E 1.Molecular phylogenies of figs and their pollinator wasps[J].J Biogeog,1996,23:521～530
[38]
Machado C A,Herre E A,McCafferty S S,et al.Molecular phylogenies of fig pollinating and nonpollinating wasps and the implications for the origin and evolution of the fig-fig wasp mutualism[J].J Biogeogr,1996,23:531～542
[39]
Machado C A,Jousselin E,Kjellbery F.Phylogenetic relationships,historical biogeography and character evolution of fig-pollinating wasps[J].Proc R Soc Lond Ser B,2001,268:685～694
[40]
Lopez-Vaamonde C,Weiblen G,Rasplus J Y,et al.Molecular phylogenies of fig wasps:partial cocladogenesis of pollinators and parasites[J].Mol Phylogenet Evol,2001,21:55～71
[41]
Kerdelhue C,Le Clainche I,Rasplus J Y.Molecular phylogeny of the Ceratosolen species pollinating Ficus of the subgenus Sycomorus sensu stricto:biogeographical history and origins of the species-specificity breakdown case[J].Mol Phylogenet Evol,1999,11:401～414
[42]
Weiblen G D.Phylogenetic relationships of fig wasps pollinating functionally dioecious Ficus based on mitochondrial DNA sequences and morphology[J].Syst Biol,2001,50:243～267
[43]
Weiblen G D.Phylogenetic relationships of functionally dioecious Ficus(Moraceae)based on ribosomal DNA sequences and morphology[J].Am J Bot,2000,87:1 342～1 357
