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盐胁迫对桑树幼苗光合生理及叶绿素荧光特性的影响

Keywords: 桑树,盐胁迫,光合特性,叶绿素荧光特性

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Abstract:

试验以黄河流域和西北地区常用的桑树砧木-1年生实生桑树幼苗为试验材料,采用盆栽加盐的方式模拟盐胁迫环境,通过设置1、3、5、7 g?kg.等4个盐分梯度,以不加NaCl(0 g?kg-1)为对照(CK),研究NaCl胁迫对桑树幼苗光合作用和叶绿素荧光特性的影响.结果表明:1 g?kg-1NaCl处理对桑树幼苗叶片的净光合速率(Pn)没有明显影响;而3、5、7 g?kg-1等NaCl处理则对Pn具有明显的抑制作用,5、7g?kg-1等的NaCI处理的影响显著,造成桑树幼苗Pn急剧降低,部分植株受害严重,甚至死亡.此外,1、3 g?kg-1等NaCl处理对桑树幼苗的气孔导度(Gs)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、水分利用率(WUE)和胞间CO2浓度(Ci)没有明显影响,而5、7 g?kg-1等NaCl处理则显著提高了桑树幼苗的Ci,降低了Gs、Tr和WUE.盐胁迫对桑树幼苗叶片的叶绿素荧光参数具有一定的影响.随NaCl处理浓度增大,初始荧光(Fo)呈下降的趋势,而非光化学荧光淬灭系数(NPQ)则先升后降,但处理之间Fo和NPQ变化差异不明显;1、3 g?kg-1等NaCl处理对桑树幼苗的最大荧光(Fm)、最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)、潜在光化学效率(Fv/Fo)和PSⅡ有效光化学量子效率(ΦPSⅡ)没有明显影响,而5、7 g?kg-1等NaCl处理则显著降低其Fm、Fv/Fm、Fv/Fo和ΦPSⅡ.

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