全部 标题 作者
关键词 摘要

OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用:99美元

查看量下载量

相关文章

更多...

阿尔山地区兴安落叶松林下植物种群生态位

, PP. 651-658

Keywords: 兴安落叶松,林下植物,生态位宽度,生态位重叠,生态位相似性,林业实践

Full-Text   Cite this paper   Add to My Lib

Abstract:

将由林龄(AG)、海拔(AL)以及物种数目(IS)组合而成的综合资源位指数(RGI)作为资源轴的划分标准,应用Levins(B(sw)i)和Shannon-Wiener(B(L)i)生态位宽度指数,生态位重叠指数(Lih和Lhi)以及生态位相似性比例指数(Cih)等将阿尔山地区不同起源的兴安落叶松林(天然林、人工林及火烧迹地恢复林)划分为6个资源位,在此基础上进行群落调查,对林下植物种群的生态位进行了定量分析。结果表明:兴安苔草和黑麦草的重要值最大,不同资源位重要值之和达到114.924 8%和70.911 1%。生态位宽度较大的有北方拉拉藤、粗根老鹳草、黑麦草及兴安苔草,这些物种适应能力强,分布范围大,倾向于泛化种。生态位狭小的植物种群则可能成为林区进行植物多样性保护的重点,需要引起特别关注。本研究证实生态位宽度较大种群与其他种群存在较大的生态位重叠和相似性,而这在某些重要值较低且生态位宽度较窄的种群也会出现(如铁杆蒿、黄花委陵菜及巴天酸模),生态位重叠和相似性并非仅仅取决于生态位宽度。生态位重叠既能反映两种群在共享资源时的竞争关系,也能反映两者在利用资源时相互促进的关系。生态位宽度较大的植物种可作为植被恢复阶段的先锋种,而与其生态位重叠较大的物种以及与先锋种生态位相似性比例较小的物种则可作为伴生种,以便于充分利用环境资源,逐步恢复受损地区的植被。

References

[1]  Krebs C J.Ecology:The experimental analysis of distribution and abundance [M].New York:Fairfield Graphics,1978:225- 228
[2]  Sylvain D,Daniel C,Clementine G C.Niche separation in community analysis:A new method [J].Ecology, 2000,81 (10): 2914-2927
[3]  Jorge S A,Townsend P.Interpretation of models of fundamental ecological niches and species'distributional areas[J].Biodiversity Informatics,2005,2:1-10
[4]  Feinsinger P,Spears E E,Poole R W.A simple measure of niche breadth[J].Ecology,1981,62:27-32
[5]  Thomas M G,Robert K S.Body size,niche breadth,ecologically scaled responses to habitat fragmentation:mammalian predators in an agricultural landscape[J].Biological Conservation,2003,109:283-295
[6]  Abrams P A.Alternative models of character displacement and niche shift I.Adaptive shifts in resource use when there is competition for nutritionally non substitutable resources [J].Evolution,1987,41:651-661
[7]  Holt R D.On the relation between niche overlap and competition:the effect of incommensurable niche dimensions [J].Oikos,1987,48:110-114
[8]  Kume A,Satomura T,Tsuboi N,et al. Effects of understory vegetation on the ecophysiological characteristics of an overstory pine,Pinus densiflora[J].Forest Ecology and Management,2003,176:195-203
[9]  Taylor A H,Huang J Y,Zhou S Q.Canopy tree development and undergrowth bamboo dynamics in old-growth Abies Betula forests in southwestern China:A 12-year study[J].Forest Ecology and Management,2004,200:347-360
[10]  Taylor A H, Jang S W, Zhao L J, et al.Regeneration patterns and tree species coexistence in old-growth Abies picea forests in southwestern China [J].Forest Ecology and Management,2006, 223:303-317
[11]  王树森,余新晓,刘凤芹,等.华北土石山区天然森林植被种间联结和生态位的研究[J].水土保持研究,2006,13(4):170-173
[12]  冶民生,关文彬,吴 斌,等.岷江干旱河谷主要灌木种群生态位研究[J].北京林业大学学报,2006,28(1):7-13
[13]  马晓勇,上官铁梁,庞军柱. 太岳山森林群落优势种群生态位研究[J].山西大学学报:自然科学版, 2004,27(2):209-212
[14]  魏文超, 何友均, 邹大林, 等. 澜沧江上游森林珍稀草本植物生态位研究[J].北京林业大学学报, 2004, 26(3):7-12
[15]  石 娟,骆有庆,曾凡勇,等.松材线虫入侵对于马尾松主要种群生态位的影响[J].北京林业大学学报,2005,27(6):76-82
[16]  刘加珍,陈亚宁,张元明. 塔里木河中游植物种群在四种环境梯度上的生态位特征[J].应用生态学报, 2004,15(4):549-555
[17]  张金屯.植被数量生态学方法[M].北京:中国科学技术出版社,1995
[18]  王 刚.关于生态位定义的探讨及生态位重叠计测公式改进的研究[J].生态学报,1984,4(2):119-127
[19]  张德魁,王继和,马全林.古浪县北部荒漠植被主要植物种的生态位特征[J].生态学杂志,2007,26(4):471- 475
[20]  胡相明,程积民,万惠娥.黄土丘陵区不同立地条件下植物种群生态位研究[J].草业学报,2006,15(1):29-35
[21]  林伟强,贾小容,陈北光.广州帽峰山次生林主要种群生态位宽度与重叠研究[J].华南农业大学学报,2006,27(1):84-87
[22]  刘加珍,陈亚宁,张元明.塔里木河中游植物种群在四种环境梯度上的生态位特征[J].应用生态学报,2004,15(4):549-555
[23]  Begon M,Harper J L,Townsend C R.Ecology:Individuals, Populations and Communities [M].London:Blackwell Science,1986:54-87
[24]  Tilman D.Resource Competition and Community Structure [M].Princeton:Princeton University Press,1982:88-91
[25]  Walker B.Conserving biological diversity through ecosystem resilience [J].Conservation of Biology,1995 (9):747-752
[26]  杨利民,周广胜,王国宏.草地群落物种多样性维持机制的研究Ⅱ物种实现生态位[J].植物生态学报,2001,25(5):634-638
[27]  姚小贞,丁炳扬,金孝锋,等.凤阳山红豆杉群落乔木层主要种群生态位研究[J].浙江大学学报:农业与生命科学版,2006,32(5):569-575
[28]  张继义,赵哈林,张铜会,等.科尔沁沙地植物群落恢复演替系列种群生态位动态特征[J].生态学报,2003, 23(12):2741-2746
[29]  Grinnell J.The Niche Relationship of California Thrasher[J].Auk,1917,34:427- 433
[30]  Whitaker R H,Levin S A .Niche:theory and application[M].Stroudsburg:Dowden Hutchinson and Ross,Inc.1975
[31]  Elton C.Animal Ecology [M].London:Metheun.1927:63-68
[32]  Tilman D.Cause consequences and ethics of biodiversity [J].Nature,2000,405:208-211
[33]  Rosenthal G. Selecting target species to evaluate the success of wet grassland restoration [J].Agriculture Ecosystem & Environment,2003,98(3):227-246
[34]  刘金福,洪 伟.格氏栲群落生态学研究-格氏栲林主要种群生态位的研究[J].生态学报,1999,19(3):347-352
[35]  余树全,李翠环.千岛湖水源涵养林优势树种生态位研究[J].北京林业大学学报,2003, 25(2):18-23
[36]  武纪成.落叶松冷杉林结构特征及调整研究 ,北京:中国林业科学研究院,2008
[37]  李 峰,周广胜,曹铭昌,等.兴安落叶松地理分布对气候变化响应的模拟应用[J].生态学报,2006,17(12):2255-2260
[38]  Fabio A,Martins M C,Cerverira C, et al. Influence of soil and organic residue management on biomass and biodiversity of understory vegetation in a Eucalyptus globules Labill Plantation[J].Forest Ecology and Management,2002,171:87-100
[39]  赵鹏武,海 龙,宋彩玲,等.大兴安岭北部兴安落叶松原始林倒木研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2010,24(3):173-177
[40]  丛沛桐,颜延芬,周福军,等.东北羊草群落种群生态位重叠关系研究[J].植物研究,1999,19(2):212-219
[41]  李意德.海南岛尖峰岭热带山地雨林主要种群生态位特征研究[J].林业科学研究,1994,7(1):78-85

Full-Text

Contact Us

service@oalib.com

QQ:3279437679

WhatsApp +8615387084133