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肺结核的保护性免疫和免疫病理机制进展

, PP. 635-639

Keywords: 肺结核,细胞免疫,体液免疫,免疫病理

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Abstract:

结核菌是细胞内病原体。抗结核保护性免疫主要是T淋巴细胞产生的细胞免疫,但近来的研究表明B细胞和体液免疫在其中起了重要作用。CD4+T细胞是细胞免疫中的关键细胞,然而其新亚群Th17在肺结核时升高并参与了免疫病理机制,调节性T细胞则在细胞免疫中起抑制性作用。抗结核菌的免疫过程也给机体带来了免疫损伤造成组织病理改变,包括肉芽肿形成、干酪样坏死和空洞及纤维化发展,使肺结构受到破坏和呼吸功能障碍。只有阐明肺结核免疫机制才能为其免疫治疗奠定基础、改善预后。

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