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超疏水介孔二氧化硅气凝胶的常压制备与性能表征

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Abstract:

以正硅酸乙酯(tetraethylorthosilicate,TEOS)为原料,通过酸(草酸)-碱(氨水)两步催化,采用溶胶-凝胶法常压干燥制备了超疏水型介孔SiO2气凝胶。结果表明当TEOS、乙醇、草酸、氨水的摩尔比为1450.2,草酸和氨水的浓度分别为0.008,0.5mol/L时,制备的SiO2气凝胶堆密度为0.3503g/cm3,比表面积为765.27m2/g。透射电镜、扫描电镜、粉末X射线衍射和Brunauer-Emmett-Teller测试表明SiO2气凝胶具有非晶纳米介孔结构。接触角测定和Fourier转换红外光谱分析表明SiO2气凝胶表面的羟基被甲基取代,与水的接触角为152.1°,表现出超疏水性。

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