MAO Zhenwei, ZHOU Guien, LI Fanqiang et al. The study on micros-tructure of shell [J]. J Chin Electron Microsc Soc (in Chinese), 1996, 15(6): 541. [2] CHEN B, PENG X, WANG J G, et al. Laminated microstructure of bivalve shell and research of biomimetic ceramic/polymer composite [J]. Ceram Int, 2004, 30: 2011-2014. [3] ZHANG Gangsheng, XIE Xiande. Utrasture and formation theory of nacre shells [J]. Jmneral petrol (in Chinese), 2000, 20(1): 11-16. [4] LIU Xiaoming. On the formation of the multilayer structure in shells of some freshwater mollusks [J]. Acta Zool Sinica (in Chinese), 1994, 4(3): 221-226. [5] XIE Xiande, ZHANG Gangsheng. XRD pole figure analysis of the preferential orientations of aragonite in nacre [J]. Acta Mineral Sinica (in Chinese), 2001, 21(3): 299-302. [6] ZHANG Ni, GUO Jichun, ZHANG Xueyun, et al. Discussion on pearl’s formation mechanism from the discovery of aragonite sphe rical grains in fresh pearls [J]. Acta Mineral Sinica (in Chinese), 2005, 25(3): 308-311. [7] DAI Yongding, SHEN Jiying. The classification and evolution of biomineralization scleroses microstructure (structure of biomineraliza- tion)[J]. Chin J Zool (in Chinese), 1996, 31(1): 49-54. [8] HAYAMI I, HOSODA I. “Fortipecten takahashii”, a reclining pectinid from the pliocene of north japan [J]. Palaeontology, 1988, 31(2): 419- 444. [9] HUANG Yong, WANG Changan, ZHAN Qingfeng, et al. Biomimetic structure design, preparation process and mechanical properties of multiphase ceramics with high toughness [J]. J Chengdu Univ (natural science, in Chinese), 2002, 21(3): 1-7. [10] ZHANG Xueao, WANG Jianfang, WU Wenjian. Advances in biomi- neralization of nacreous layer and its inspiration for biomimetic materials [J]. J Inorg Mater (in Chinese), 2006, 21(2): 257-230. [11] XIANG Chunting, FAN Jinghong. On the strengthening and toughening mechanism of natural composites and research of biomimetic composites [J]. Adv Mechanics (in Chinese), 1994, 24(2): 220-232. [12] LIN A G, DING X F, XIE Z D, et al. Mechanical properties of the natural heterogeneous composite [A]. Materials Science Forum [C]. Dalian, China, 2009, 628-629: 657-662. [13] SUN Jiyu, TONG Jin. Properties, microstructure research and bionics proceeding of nature biomaterial of crustacean insect [J]. J Huazhong Agric Univ (in Chinese), 2005, 24(10): 31-39. [14] REN Luquan, CONG Qian, CHEN Bingcong, et al. A study on the adhesion reducing character of geometric noasmooth surface of typical animal [J]. Trans Chin Soc Agric Mach (in Chinese), 1992, 23(2): 29-35.