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微-纳米孔碳质材料的制备及微观结构

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Abstract:

以膨胀石墨(expandedgraphite,EG)为基体、蔗糖为炭源、磷酸为活化剂,采用一步浸渍活化工艺制得了微-纳米孔碳质材料(micro/nano-porouscarbon,MNC)。采用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、透射电镜、氮气吸附及孔径分析仪和压汞法对材料的结构进行了表征。结果表明MNC由EG和活性炭组成,活性炭以炭膜的形式均匀涂覆在EG的内外孔孔壁上,厚度约为100nm;其孔隙结构不仅包括来自EG的微米级大孔,还有来自活性炭的纳米级微孔。随着浸渍比、活化温度和活化时间的增加,MNC先形成微孔,此后逐渐扩孔从而导致中孔大量出现,MNC的比表面积和总孔容在浸渍比为0.9、活化温度为350℃和活化时间为2h时分别达到最大(1978m2/g和0.99cm3/g)。

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