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高岭石-烷基胺插层复合物的制备与纳米卷的形成

DOI: 10.7521/j.issn.0454-5648.2014.08.17

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Abstract:

以张家口高岭土、用二甲基亚砜、甲醇和不同烷基胺为原料,通过插层和置换反应,制备出了高岭石-不同烷基胺(一异丙胺、正丁胺、正己胺、十二胺)插层复合物,并对其结构和形貌进行了表征。结果表明烷基胺以甲氧基嫁接的高岭石为前驱体进入高岭石层间,使高岭石层间距由0.71nm扩大至1.24~4.23nm。随烷基胺分子碳链的增长,相应的高岭石插层复合物层间距亦增大,结构稳定性增加。烷基胺的插层可使高岭石片层剥离卷曲形成直径为30~100nm、长度为250~2000nm的纳米管。纳米管的形貌及产率与烷基胺分子结构有关烷基胺分子碳链越长,纳米卷产率越大,形貌越完整、直径越均一。烷基胺插层进入高岭石层间,不仅极大地降低了高岭石晶层间氢键,而且为高岭石片层向管状卷曲提供了充分自由空间。

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