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高NFDA1汉墓酥粉灰陶文物的病变机理

DOI: 10.7521/j.issn.0454-5648.2014.09.12

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Abstract:

利用超景深显微系统、扫描电子显微镜、离子色谱和X射线衍射等分析了典型酥粉陶质文物样品的化学成分、微观形貌以及含有的可溶盐离子成分和浓度。结果表明含量占样品总质量3.00%~10.00%的可溶盐NaCl和NaNO3是导致文物酥粉的主要原因。通过可溶盐溶液在陶质样品中的结晶动力学分析以及在模拟陶质样品中的结晶破坏过程,证实陶质样品的破坏本质在于可溶盐结晶受力过程中微裂纹的扩展和贯通。在环境相对湿度变化引起裂纹扩展贯通过程中,样品质量、形貌、孔径和强度都发生一定程度的变化,其中,NaCl结晶体对陶质样品产生的负压压力较大,破坏性最强。

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