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反应烧结碳化硅中碳短纤维的形貌及增强作用

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Abstract:

以双峰碳化硅粉末、碳黑、短碳纤维为原料,采用注浆成型、反应烧结法制备了力学性能优异的碳化硅复合材料。研究了硅化反应对碳纤维表面形貌及组分的影响。结果表明硅化反应在碳纤维表面生成致密β-SiC层,反应过程伴随的体积膨胀增加了纤维表面的粗糙度。混合酸HNO3+HF腐蚀实验表明纤维表面由直径2~5m的β-SiC晶粒构成。提出了硅化纤维的双层结构模型外层由微米、亚微米尺度β-SiC晶粒构成,内层由Si–C基团组成的混合物组成。碳短纤维体积分数为30%时,复合材料的弯曲强度、断裂韧性分别达到最大值416MPa、5.1MPa?m0.5,相比单一反应烧结碳化硅陶瓷分别提高102%、78%。

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