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基于RS-GIS的喀斯特地区公路生态选线

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Keywords: 道路工程,喀斯特地区,生态本底,RS,GIS,生态选线

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Abstract:

采集喀斯特地区Landsat5卫星TM影像信息源,利用RS(RemoteSensing)技术提取反映生态本底状况的植被覆盖、土壤侵蚀、土地利用类型评价指标信息,并以地学信息及其他统计资料作为辅助,应用GIS软件提取地形坡度、水环境评价指标信息。综合以上指标信息,采用GIS分析技术,对喀斯特地区生态本底进行综合评价与分析。喀斯特地区生态本底状况可以划分为优、良、中、差、极差5个等级。基于总体分布和评价结果,找出对环境影响相对较小的路线走廊,利用公路CAD软件设计可行的路线方案,对可行的路线方案进行比选,最终确定与环境协调性最好的路线。结果表明该方法克服了传统选线方法过于依赖设计者经验和主观判断的局限性,减少了对喀斯特地区生态环境的破坏,使工程项目发挥整体效益,提高了路线设计方案的科学性。

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