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轿车-电动自行车侧面碰撞事故再现分析

Keywords: 交通工程,事故再现,仿真,抛距,头部伤害标准,电动自行车

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Abstract:

为了再现轿车与电动自行车的侧面碰撞事故,利用PC-Crash进行了轿车与电动自行车的侧面碰撞模拟试验,分析了不同车辆碰撞速度下骑车人头部与车辆引擎罩及风挡玻璃撞击的位置,探讨了车辆碰撞速度与骑车人头部损伤的关系,建立了骑车人抛距模型,并与国外模型进行了对比。研究结果表明碰撞车速为50km/h可以认为是骑车人头部伤害的碰撞速度阈值;当碰撞车速低于40km/h时,车辆撞击运动和静止的电动自行车,骑车人抛距变化的趋势基本相似;当碰撞车速高于40km/h时,与撞击运动的电动自行车相比,车辆与静止的电动自行车碰撞的骑车人抛距略大,而电动自行车的抛距分布较为离散。利用骑车人头部与车辆的碰撞位置、骑车人头部损伤及骑车人抛距能够有效地再现轿车与电动自行车侧面碰撞事故的碰撞速度。

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