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低密度纳米孔二氧化硅气凝胶的制备工艺

, PP. 107-110

Keywords: 材料工程,水玻璃,纳米孔,气凝胶,二氧化硅,离子交换法

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Abstract:

以廉价水玻璃为硅源,综合运用离子交换法和溶胶凝胶法,在常压下制备出低密度的二氧化硅气凝胶;试验研究了凝胶体系pH值、干燥温度、溶剂交换和表面修饰对凝胶时间、二氧化硅气凝胶密度、孔隙率和微观结构的影响。结果表明当凝胶体系pH值为6时,干燥工艺为50℃干燥84h,60℃干燥72h;采用三甲基氯硅烷(TMCS)与正己烷(n-hexane)、异丙醇(IPA)的混合溶液进行表面修饰时,所得气凝胶的密度可低至0.2g/cm3,孔隙率可高达90.1%,孔径为20~40nm。

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