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环境化学  2015 

沸石和改性沸石对孔雀绿(MG)和磺化若丹明(LR)的吸附特性

Keywords: 改性沸石,吸附动力学,热力学,等温线,孔雀绿,磺化若丹明

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Abstract:

以斜发沸石为原料制取壳聚糖改性沸石,并对改性沸石进行扫描电镜(SEM)和孔分布表征.改性沸石的表面附着壳聚糖并形成覆盖性多孔状结构,改性前后沸石BET比表面积变化不大,但改性沸石的总孔容积和平均孔径分别增大1.62倍和1.71倍.相对而言,初始浓度变化对天然沸石去除率的影响较小,而改性沸石所受影响较大.沸石对MG的吸附速率明显低于LR,吸附容量明显大于后者,这可能是范德华力和静电斥力综合作用的结果.pH值在2.0-9.0范围内MG的吸附随pH呈上升趋势,pH值超过9.0后又略有下降,LR在pH4.0-11.0范围内呈下降趋势.反应温度从20℃上升至60℃,天然沸石对LR和MG的吸附容量有所提高.相对于准一级和准二级方程,孔内扩散方程可以更好地描述MG、LR在沸石和改性沸石上的吸附动力学,说明吸附反应主要发生在较大的微孔中,孔内扩散为影响吸附反应速率的主要因素.Langmuir方程和Freundlich方程均能较好描述吸附等温过程,两种沸石均易于与MG和LR发生吸附反应,但改性沸石吸附能力明显优于前者.热力学分析表明,MG和LR在沸石和改性沸石上的吸附过程是吸热反应,吸附反应是自发的过程,且属于物理吸附为主的反应类型.

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