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环境化学  2015 

DOI:10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2014.05.021

Keywords: 大气颗粒物,有机碳,元素碳,浓度水平,分布特征

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Abstract:

在2011年秋季,连续24h采集南京市区大气粗颗粒物(PM10)和细颗粒物(PM2.5)样品,采用IMPROVE-热光反射法(TOR),分析样品中的有机碳(OC)和元素碳(EC)的浓度水平和分布特征.研究表明,南京秋季观测期间PM10中OC和EC的平均浓度水平分别在23.3±11.0μg·m-3和7.7±3.2μg·m-3,PM2.5中,OC和EC的浓度分别是18.1±9.6μg·m-3和6.6±2.9μg·m-3.与国内其他城市相比,南京市秋季的碳组分浓度处于较低水平,但与发达国家的城市相比,浓度水平很高.观测期内PM10和PM2.5中的OC和EC的日变化规律与颗粒物的相似,趋势相近.OC和EC主要分布于细粒子PM2.5中,且EC比OC更倾向于在细颗粒物上的分布.基于8碳组分(OC1,OC2,OC3,OC4,OPC,EC1,EC2和EC3)分析结果初步判断,南京市秋季机动车汽油燃烧排放污染是EC1的主要来源,对南京市碳气溶胶贡献最大;生物质燃烧、工业燃煤,道路和施工扬尘是OC的主要来源,对南京市大气中碳气溶胶贡献较大;柴油燃烧是EC2和EC3的主要来源,对南京市碳气溶胶的贡献最小.

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