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环境化学  2015 

有机酸对砖红壤的溶解及固定态磷素的活化

Keywords: 有机酸,,活化,溶解

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Abstract:

选择柠檬酸、草酸、酒石酸和苹果酸4种土壤中常见有机酸为研究对象,研究了它们与砖红壤反应后,Fe、Al的溶出特征以及P的释放规律,并对上述反应的机制进行了探讨.结果表明,草酸、酒石酸和苹果酸3种有机酸与土壤反应24h后,溶液中总Fe浓度随反应体系pH值升高而降低,但柠檬酸与土壤反应24h后,溶液中总Fe浓度则随反应体系pH值升高而增加.4种有机酸溶出土壤Fe的能力按草酸>柠檬酸>酒石酸>苹果酸的顺序下降,溶出机制主要是络合溶解和还原溶解.溶液中Al的溶出量在4种有机酸-土壤体系中均随体系pH值升高而降低,且按草酸>柠檬酸≈酒石酸>苹果酸的顺序下降,溶出机制主要是质子溶解和络合溶解.有机酸对固定态磷素有明显活化效应,在草酸、酒石酸和苹果酸3种有机酸-土壤体系中,溶液中P浓度均随体系pH值升高而降低,但在柠檬酸-土壤体系中,则随体系pH值升高而增加.溶液中Al/P物质的量之比要远大于Fe/P物质的量之比,这表明土壤中P主要结合在铁氧化物表面,其活化与铁氧化物的溶解过程关系密切.此外,Al的存在对草酸活化固定态P有抑制作用.

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