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环境化学  2015 

非多溴联苯醚(PBDE)类卤系阻燃剂的生物富集特征

Keywords: 卤系阻燃剂,生物富集,食物链传递,影响因素,生态风险

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Abstract:

近年来,六溴环十二烷(HBCDs)、四溴双酚A(TBBPA)、双(六氯环戊二烯)环辛烷(DP)、十溴二苯乙烷(DBDPE)、1,2-双(三溴苯氧基)乙烷(BTBPE)、五溴甲苯(PBT)、2,3,4,5,6-五溴乙苯(PBEB)和六溴苯(HBB)等非PBDE类卤系阻燃剂(HFRs)在生物体内的富集及其生态风险已引起人们的广泛关注.本文结合国内外相关文献,对DP的生物富集特征及其影响因素、非PBDE类HFRs的生物富集能力及其沿食物链(网)的生物放大效应进行了综述.与DP工业品和沉积物中DP的异构体组成相比,生物体内顺式-DP(syn-DP)盈余,而反式-DP(anti-DP)亏损,DP异构体不同的理化性质(立体结构、水溶性和KOW等)、生物的种类及其营养级以及环境因素等都可能影响了DP的生物富集特征.文献计算的生物浓缩因子(BCFs)或生物富集因子(BAFs)表明,HBCDs和DP具有显著的生物富集效应.报道的生物放大因子(BMFs)和营养级放大因子(TMFs)显示,这些非PBDE类HFRs可以沿食物链(网)产生生物放大效应.大部分非PBDE类HFRs的食物链放大能力与PBDEs相当,表明这些污染物具有较大的生态风险.

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