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环境化学  2015 

洪湖湿地鹭科鸟类组织中有机氯农药的分布特征及风险评价

Keywords: 洪湖,鹭科鸟类,有机氯农药,风险评价

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Abstract:

利用气相色谱-电子俘获检测器(GC-ECD)测定了洪湖鹭科鸟类(包括白鹭、池鹭)的胸脯肌肉、肝脏组织中的有机氯农药(OCPs)的含量.结果显示,鹭科鸟体内六六六(HCHs)、滴滴涕(DDTs)、六氯代苯、艾氏剂、七氯、环氧七氯等大部分有机氯农药均有检出.白鹭肌肉组织中HCHs和DDTs的含量范围分别为11.3—89.4ng·g-1和162—2149ng·g-1(以脂重计,下同),平均值分别为37.3ng·g-1和943ng·g-1;肝脏组织中HCHs和DDTs的含量范围分别为3.73—30.6ng·g-1和280—957ng·g-1,平均值分别为14.6ng·g-1和566ng·g-1.池鹭肌肉组织中HCHs和DDTs的含量范围分别为3.61—25.8ng·g-1和68.4—261ng·g-1,平均值分别为11.5ng·g-1和189ng·g-1;肝脏组织中HCHs和DDTs的含量范围分别为6.63—18.9ng·g-1和147—1305ng·g-1,平均值分别为13.1ng·g-1和553ng·g-1.统计分析显示,HCHs和DDTs在洪湖鹭科鸟组织中的含量差异均不显著(P>0.05).分析结果表明,洪湖湿地系统可作为有机氯污染的潜在源区,而候鸟可成为有机污染物在繁殖地与越冬地之间的传输介质.洪湖地区鹭鸟体内有机氯污染与全球其它地区相比处于较低水平,有机氯农药尚未对本区鸟类产生威胁.

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