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环境化学  2015 

黄淮平原农田土壤中重金属的分布和来源

Keywords: 重金属,黄淮平原,生态风险,来源,主成分分析

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Abstract:

对黄淮平原224个农田表层土壤样品中7种重金属(As、Cd、Cr、Hg、Ni、Pb和Zn)浓度进行了调查,采用Hakanson潜在生态危害指数法对其生态危害进行了评价,并用相关性、逐步回归和主成分分析对重金属来源进行了解析.结果表明,农田土壤中7种重金属的平均浓度分别为11.8、0.17、79.0、0.04、35.3、25.3和73.8mg·kg-1.与黄淮平原的土壤背景值相比,调查区域农田土壤重金属污染处于低污染水平,这与重金属污染指数评价的结果一致.重金属的潜在生态危害评价结果显示,除Cd和Hg的污染存在中等潜在生态危害风险外,其他重金属的潜在生态危害轻微.相关性分析和主成分分析结果表明,黄淮平原的农田土壤中Cr、Ni和Zn主要来自于工业烟尘沉降和化石燃料燃烧排放,As、Cd和Pb主要来自于污水灌溉,磷肥和有机肥的大量施用,而Hg可能来自于母质淋溶.

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