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环境化学  2015 

硝基酚、六氯苯污染土壤的微波修复

Keywords: 碳化硅,微波设备,4-硝基酚,六氯苯,土壤

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Abstract:

以典型有机污染物4-硝基酚(4-nitrophenol,4-NP)和六氯苯(hexachlorobenzene,HCB)污染土壤为处理对象,采用高效吸收微波且保温性能良好的碳化硅材料制成圆柱状装土容器,研究以微波为热源、碳化硅为热传导材料的微波修复设备对污染土壤的修复效果.结果表明,该设备对土壤中有机污染物有较好的去除效果,30min内去除率均可达到90%以上.有机物的去除不仅是由于碳化硅被加热后的热传递效应,且透过容器的部分微波也可直接作用于污染土壤.实验考察了微波辐照时间、污染物初始浓度、土壤量及含水率、敏化剂等因素对修复效果的影响.辐照时间、土壤量和含水量显著影响土壤升温行为和污染物去除率,而污染物初始污染浓度对去除率影响较小.与马弗炉加热处理效果进行了比较,表明微波加热修复技术在土壤的升温速率及有机物去除率方面均有显著优势.

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