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环境化学  2015 

改性沸石及添加CaCl2和MgCl2对重金属离子Pb2+吸附特性的影响

Keywords: 沸石,改性沸石,Pb2+,吸附,影响因素

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Abstract:

研究天然沸石和改性沸石对Pb2+吸附的性能,探讨不同因素对沸石吸附Pb2+的影响.结果表明,天然沸石经过3种不同方法改性后均可促进其对Pb2+的吸附.氢氧化钠改性沸石吸附Pb2+效果最好,其次是硝酸钾改性沸石,氯化铵改性沸石吸附Pb2+效果稍差一些.不同Pb2+初始浓度、沸石使用量、pH和温度均对天然沸石和改性沸石吸附Pb2+有影响.天然沸石和改性沸石对Pb2+的等温吸附可用Langmuir方程和Freundlich方程来拟合,其中Langmuir方程的拟合效果较好,相关系数在0.9203—0.9840之间.CaCl2和MgCl2可影响天然沸石和改性沸石对Pb2+的吸附.当CaCl2和MgCl2的浓度均为10mmol·L-1时,天然沸石吸附Pb2+量分别比对照处理提高66.6%和54.5%.添加2—10mmol·L-1CaCl2和MgCl2导致氯化铵改性沸石吸附Pb2+分别比对照处理提高16.4%—18.8%和16.8%—19.9%.研究结果表明,采用沸石去除废水中的Pb元素时必须考虑不同因素的影响,以达到重金属去除效率的最大化.

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