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环境化学  2015 

洱海沉积物不同分子量溶解性有机氮空间分布及光谱特征

Keywords: 溶解性有机氮,沉积物,空间分布,紫外-可见吸收光谱,三维荧光光谱

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Abstract:

利用超滤技术对洱海沉积物溶解性有机氮(DON)进行分子量分级,探究了DON各组分空间分布特征,并运用紫外-可见吸收光谱和三维荧光光谱对其结构进行了表征.结果表明,洱海沉积物总DON含量ω(DON)为23.46-61.40mg·kg-1,平均值为37.19mg·kg-1,空间分布总体呈现南部>北部>中部的趋势;分子量大于1KDa的大分子组分ω(>1KDa)占ω(DON)的比例为79.1%-93.0%,即洱海沉积物DON是以大分子为主.沉积物DON各组分的芳香性及腐殖化程度较高,芳香环取代基中活性官能团种类较多,且南部芳香性及腐殖化程度最高,北部芳香环取代基种类最多;大分子组分DON含有类富里酸荧光物质,其来源于陆源输入和微生物降解共同作用.由此可见,洱海沉积物DON主要由大分子物质组成,其腐殖化程度较高且含类富里酸荧光物质,而此类DON对藻类的生物有效性较低,这可能是洱海沉积物氮含量较高而上覆水氮浓度较低的原因之一,即沉积物DON分子组成及其结构特征可在一定程度上作为湖泊营养水平的衡量指标.

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