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环境化学  2015 

DOI:10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2014.10.009

Keywords: 氯化甲基汞,非洲爪蟾,发育神经毒性,运动神经元,运动行为

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Abstract:

在美国材料与测试协会(ASTM)的非洲爪蟾胚胎致畸试验(FETAX)的基础上,以已知具有发育神经毒性的氯化甲基汞为模式化合物,探索一种以体征、运动神经元形态和运动行为参数为终点指标的研究发育神经毒性的方法.非洲爪蟾胚胎暴露氯化甲基汞3d时,观察到暴露组胚胎的运动能力随暴露浓度(100—400nmol·L-1)的增加而减弱.暴露4d发现300nmol·L-1和400nmol·L-1暴露组胚胎体长和运动神经元明显短于对照组.暴露持续7d,通过行为分析软件对蝌蚪运动行为定量,发现暴露处理的蝌蚪的游泳速率明显小于对照组.以上结果显示,非洲爪蟾胚胎可用来研究化学品的发育神经毒性,胚胎的体征、运动神经元形态和运动行为可以作为相对敏感的评价指标.

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