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环境化学  2015 

热力学平衡模拟研究Am(Ⅲ)的人体毒性

Keywords: 体液,热力学平衡,形态,Am3+,毒性

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Abstract:

模拟研究了Am3+在胃液、汗液、组织液、细胞液和尿液中的形态分布及pH值和[Am]对形态分布的影响.结果表明,在胃液中,当[Am]=1×10-7mol·l-1,pH5×10-8mol·l-1时,Am(Ⅲ)主要以Am3+和[AmOH]2+形态存在.组织液中,当[Am]>1×10-12mol·l-1时,Am(Ⅲ)主要以AmPO4存在,但在组织液中加入EDTA后,Am(Ⅲ)便以可排出体外的[AmEDTA]-形态存在.细胞液中,当pH为7.0时,即使[Am]为4×10-12mol·l-1,Am(Ⅲ)仍主要以固相AmPO4存在,提示Am(Ⅲ)有高的细胞毒性,另外,随pH值降低,固相含量降低,说明肺巨噬细胞摄取的Am(Ⅲ)气溶胶可逐渐释放到人体组织液中.当[Am]=1×10-10mol·l-1,pH4.5时,则主要以固相AmPO4形式存在,说明可通过降低尿液pH促进肾脏Am(Ⅲ)排泄.

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