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化工进展  2015 

ZnAl和MgAl水滑石吸附废水中磷的研究进展

DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2015.01.044, PP. 245-251

Keywords: 水滑石,废水,吸附,磷酸盐

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Abstract:

简介了ZnAl和MgAl水滑石的制备方法和除磷原理,制备方法主要有低饱和共沉淀法、尿素分解-均匀共沉淀法、焙烧复原法和水热合成法等,除磷原理主要是表面静电吸附、离子交换、羟基取代、配位络合和水滑石再水合过程的进入等。回顾了水滑石在改性方面的研究,改性水滑石较未改性水滑石除磷效果更佳;详细分析了除磷的各项影响因素,包括制备过程中的不同金属离子摩尔比、焙烧温度、尿素浓度等和反应过程中的pH值、共存离子、吸附剂用量、反应温度、吸附时间等,在以上这些因素中都存在一个除磷效果最佳的影响值。简述了在解吸方面所取得的成果,十二烷基苯磺酸钠、十二烷基和1-辛烷等表面活性剂比常规的Na2CO3和NaCl-NaOH解吸载磷水滑石效果更优。指出了用纯水滑石除磷存在费用较高的问题,可与廉价材料复合改性解决该问题;总结表明了水滑石吸附除磷今后的热点主要是研究改性后水滑石的除磷效果。

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