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化工进展  2015 

水溶液中电化学还原CO2的研究进展

DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2015.12.002

Keywords: 二氧化碳,电化学,还原,电极材料

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Abstract:

CO2作为一种潜在的碳资源,寻找一种有效的方法转移利用CO2一直是社会关注的焦点。水溶液中电化学方法转化固定CO2可在室温和常压下进行,通过选择不同电极和电极电势来改变产物、调控反应速率和选择性,因而具有潜在的优势。本文综述了水溶液中电化学还原CO2的发展现状,介绍了水溶液中电还原CO2的基本原理和电极上发生的主要反应;总结了水溶液中金属电极、气体扩散电极(GDEs)和复合电极等不同电极材料对CO2还原产物的种类、选择性以及电流效率的影响;讨论了温度、CO2分压等还原反应条件对反应速率和电流效率的影响。展望了水溶液中电还原CO2技术的发展前景,认为利用水基溶液中丰富的[H],增强CO2还原产物的燃料化程度,将在环境保护、资源利用和经济效益方面具有极大价值,符合绿色化学发展理念。

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