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化工进展  2015 

蒸发/冷凝段长度比对脉动热管性能的影响

DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2015.11.004, PP. 3846-3851

Keywords: 脉动热管,数值模拟,长度比值,启动时间,热阻

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Abstract:

脉动热管是一种结构简单、传热性能突出的新型传热元件,由于运行过程涉及沸腾与冷凝及两相流动,传热及流动机理复杂,因此目前对其运行过程的相关数值模拟尚不成熟。本文采用VOF(volumeoffluid)模型,考虑表面张力和壁面接触角的影响,采用数值模拟软件对单环路脉动热管的流动及传热特性进行了研究。数值模拟中,单环路脉动热管的充液率为40%~60%,热端加热功率为10~40W,探讨了热管蒸发段与冷凝段长度比对热管启动及换热性能的影响,并分析了脉动热管运行时流型特征。结果表明随蒸发段和冷凝段长度比值增大,脉动热管启动时间缩短,且换热性能有一定提高;但在低充液率时,容易出现“干烧”现象。在低加热功率时,脉动热管的启动方式为温度突变式;而在高加热功率时,其启动方式为温度渐变式。此外,通过蒸发段的温度振荡特征可以确定脉动热管的启动时间。

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