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化工进展  2015 

淀粉的均相酯化反应研究进展

DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2015.05.037

Keywords: 淀粉,二甲亚砜,N,N-二甲基乙酰胺/氯化锂,离子液体,均相反应

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Abstract:

淀粉酯因具有热塑性、成膜性、热稳定性等优点而被广泛应用于食品、造纸和废水处理等领域,但传统方法合成的产品存在酯化效率不高或取代度较低等问题.本文介绍了淀粉在二甲亚砜(DMSO),N,N-二甲基乙酰胺/氯化锂(DMA/LiCl)和离子液体(ILs)3种溶剂体系中均相酯化反应的研究进展,重点论述了不同溶剂介质中催化剂、反应温度、酯化剂浓度等对淀粉酯取代度的影响,简述了均相体系中长链脂肪酸酯和琥珀酸酯产物的结构特点及热力学特性,分析表明均相反应是淀粉酯化反应的有效改性方法;并从改性效果、经济性及环保等方面讨论了各种溶剂的优缺点,指出离子液体、无机熔盐等淀粉均相反应介质的研究是淀粉改性反应研究的发展方向.

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