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化工进展  2015 

化学镀在换热表面强化滴状凝结、阻垢、耐蚀研究进展

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Keywords: 强化换热,滴状凝结,阻垢,耐腐蚀

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Abstract:

从换热器实际问题出发,分别回顾了化学镀层强化凝结换热、阻垢、耐蚀3个方面的研究进展。在强化凝结换热方面,阐述了以Ni-P化学镀为基础的界面表面能、镀层非晶含量、温度、压力以及添加PTFE等物质对在换热界面形成滴状凝结的影响。在化学镀阻垢方面,介绍了污垢的生长过程,讨论了镀层非晶含量、实验条件、梯度镀层以及添加W、BN、Sn、Cu等元素对镀层阻垢性能的影响。在化学镀耐腐蚀研究方面,阐述了镀层磷含量、梯度镀层、表面活性剂、镀液pH值、温度以及添加Cu、PTFE等元素对镀层抗腐蚀性能的影响。并根据实际生产情况,提出对镀层强化凝结换热、阻垢和耐腐蚀3个方面特性相互间的影响关系进行研究。同时提出,为了推进镀层技术工业化发展,还应解决镀层长效性的问题。

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