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OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用：99美元
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原位聚合法制备聚乳酸/黄腐植酸季铵盐插层皂石纳米复合材料及其结构表征
DOI: 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2015.14422, PP. 769-777
Keywords: 聚乳酸,黄腐植酸季铵盐插层皂石,原位聚合,纳米复合材料
Abstract:
以新疆地产风化煤(weatheredcoal)为原料通过硝酸氧解工艺制备黄腐植酸(fulvicacid,FA),并对黄腐植酸进行季铵化改性,合成黄腐植酸季铵盐(quaternaryfulvicacid,QFA).以皂石为原料通过超声波辐照法制备黄腐植酸季铵盐插层皂石(QFA-saponite).以丙交酯和QFA-saponite为原料,在辛酸亚锡催化作用下,制备了聚乳酸/黄腐植酸季铵盐插层皂石(PLA/QFA-saponite)纳米复合材料.通过正交实验探讨了聚合时间、聚合温度、催化剂和QFA-saponite加量对PLA分子量的影响,其最优反应条件为反应12h、辛酸亚锡加量3%、温度150℃、QFA-saponite加量为2%,该正交优化条件下合成的PLA/QFA-saponite纳米复合材料的重均分子量可达95300.红外光谱分析表明黄腐植酸中引入了季铵根离子.X-射线衍射(XRD)对QFA-saponite的分析表明,QFA-saponite呈现部分剥离与插层共存的状态,其层间距达到1.57nm,比皂石层间距增大0.17nm.用XRD、示差扫描量热仪(DSC)、偏光显微镜(POM)、热重分析(TGA)等方法对复合材料进行结构表征.结果表明,PLA/QFA-saponite纳米复合材料具有剥离型结构,QFA-saponite有效改善复合材料的结晶性能和热稳定性.抗菌实验表明,黄腐植酸季铵盐插层皂石对大肠杆菌(Escherichiacoli),枯草杆菌(Bacillussubtilis),黑曲霉菌(Aspergillus)及青霉(Penicillium)有较强的抑菌效果,同时聚乳酸/黄腐植酸季铵盐插层皂石纳米复合材料也有良好的抗菌性能.
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